Geography

The 242 page soft-cover book contains 15 chapters by well-known and respected authors presenting new and intriguing revelations about toolstones in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and northern California. Each chapter examines lithic raw material sources, the uses and distribution of the toolstones quarried from them, and the archaeological or anthropological inferences that studies of toolstone geography provide.

1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China. 2 Independent Institute of Lay Adventists of Kigali (INILAK), Department of rural development, Rwanda. 3 School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China. 4 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Science, 818 Beijing Road South, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.

Annual sequences of the first reprocessed albedo, bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF), and nadir BRDF-adjusted surface reflectance (NBAR) products are being evaluated. BRDF model parameters (or weights) are used to compute black sky albedo at local solar noon and white sky albedo and to compute surface reflectance at a common nadir geometry. In addition to these standard resolution albedo, BRDF, and NBAR products, which are provided in the integerized sinusoidal grid projection, the BRDF parameters, black sky albedos (at local solar noon), and white sky albedos are now also being operationally produced in a global geographic projection known as the Climate Modeling Grid (CMG). These are currently available at a 0.25 degree spatial resolution, although there is community interest in a 0.05 degree resolution. In addition to the operational CMGs, coarser 0.5 degree and 1 degree resolution versions of the reprocessed albedo data have also been produced for the ISLSCP-II initiative. The global distribution of these albedos (as they vary throughout the year) are presented, as well as discussions of the most recent evaluations of the quality of the standard products.

espanolLos factores de riesgo psicosocial laboral (FRPSL) han cobrado una creciente importancia en el mundo dado que estan relacionados con todo tipo de patologias, desde la cardiovascular hasta la mental. Este creciente interes no se debe tan solo a una preocupacion actual de los organismos sanitarios internacionales, sino que a un cambio en la estructura del trabajo mismo. Este articulo analiza algunas estadisticas historicas y actuales del trabajo en Chile, en las que se evidencia el paso desde una estructura economica productiva hacia una estructura de servicios y comercial que trae nuevas exigencias para los trabajadores, mayor participacion de la mujer, precariedad del empleo e interferencia del trabajo con la vida privada. Este cambio es el que esta en la base de los nuevos riesgos en el trabajo. A los trabajadores hoy se les exige competencias cognitivas, emocionales, y una completa flexibilidad personal para adaptarse a las exigencias de los trabajos, lo que parece evidenci...

Roskilde Universitet " Nowadays we are all on the move " (Bauman 1998: 77) " It sometimes seems as if all the world is on the move " (Urry 2007: 1) Introduktion Dette kapitel saetter fokus på mobiliteten og bevaegelsens sociologi. Det diskuteres hvordan mobilitet er et menneskeligt og samfundsmaessigt grundvilkår. Mobilitet er således ikke noget nyt men med det moderne samfunds udvikling blev mobiliteten i stigende grad understøttet af teknologier og derfor mere intensiv og omfattende. Med udgangspunkt i nutidens samfund diskuterer jeg hvordan bevaegelser mellem lande og kulturer har stor betydning for, hvordan det naere hverdagsliv og verden opleves samt hvorfor mennesker rejser. I den vestlige verden tages det for givet, at man kan konsumere alverdens forbrugs-og medieprodukter, kommunikere med fjerne mennesker og rejse til eksotiske steder. Men samtidig er rekord mange mennesker på flugt fra fattigdom, krig og ødelaeggelse. Kapitlet introducerer således til centrale sociologiske teorier og diskussioner om nutidens mobilitet og turisme, og det viser, at netop mobilitet og turisme er afgørende for menneskers erfaringer med og oplevelser af vores globale samtid. Samtidig viser jeg, at nutidens omfattende mobilitet udretter irreversible skader på miljøet. Sociologerne Zygmunt Bauman og isaer John Urry har beskaeftiget sig indgående med mobilitet, og kapitlet vil derfor have saerligt fokus på dem, men klassikerne Karl Marx og George Simmel inddrages ligeledes. Overordnet diskuterer kapitlet det mobile samfunds forskellige sol-og skyggesider, og den gennemgående pointe er, at mobilitet er blevet et nøglebegreb og-faenomen for nutidens sociologi og samfundsvidenskab mere bredt. Kapitlet indledes med et oprids af mobilitetens omfang og betydning for moderne samfund, der praeges af intensive strømme af objekter, teknologier, informationer og

The growing pace of international commerce has created an increased risk of invasion by alien species, which often take root and thrive in their new environment, often at great costs for the local biota and economy. The risk of introduction of harmful organisms into the United States is increasing exponentially, with costs to the American economy measured in hundreds of billions of dollars. This report offers recommendations to improve biosecurity measures at US ports, as well as a possible funding mechanism based upon the polluter-pays principle.

The impact of globalization raises a variety of challenges that must be faced by each region, including Aceh Province - Indonesia. Diverse problems come from various sectors such as the economy, macro and financial conditions, imbalance of population growth that will result in unemployment and poverty. The issues will certainly affect the society including the level of regional competitiveness. The main idea of Triple Helix is the importance of synergy between academician, business and government as well as social movement with purpose to develop a knowledge-based intelligence on economic sustainability. The method uses qualitative research that combines data analysis with the relevant aspect. Interview and literature study with key information from Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), rather than source and references from books and internet. Data analysis techniques worked with Miles and Huberman model that is used for data reduction, display and conclusion....

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This book lifts the veil to identify the puppet masters behind the MK Ultra Mind Control shills that front the New World Disorder Dystopia. The usual suspects are named: Jeff Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg, Benjamin Netanyahu, Fake religious Patriarchs and a list of celebrities from Hollywood and other MK Ultra mind control realms.

Malaria is currently affecting more people in the world than any other disease. On average, two members of each household suffered from malaria fever monthly, with females and children being most vulnerable to malaria attacks. This chapter assessed communities’ perception about malaria epidemic, weather variable and climate change in metropolitan Kano. Information was extracted related to communities’ perception about malaria epidemic and climate change. Socio demographic characteristics of respondents in the study areas were extracted and analyzed. 75% of the participants were males, while 25% were females, malaria disease affected 79.66% and 59.66% respondent perceived that heavy rainfall, floods and high temperature are better conditions to the breeding and spread of malaria vectors. Hospital records revealed that Month of March and April (2677 and 2464, respectively) has highest number of malaria cases recorded between December 2010 to June 2011. Further research is recommended ...

"Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos opens the book with his latest contribution to his comprehensive project of re-theorising spatial justice with a piece titled ‘Spatial Justice in a World of Violence’. Through a close reading
of the photographic series Fortunes of War, Life Day by artist Eric Lesdema,
Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos is interested in how these images reveal peripheral
spaces at the edge of violence which impose an ethic of spatial responsibility on the
viewer in the act of turning away and looking elsewhere. While no acts of explicit
violence are shown in the images, we are left with no doubt that violence is ubiquitous
along the spatio-temporal continuum. This continuum of violence between
bodies raises questions of complicity and responsibility. Do we submit to a state
of affairs in which space is saturated with the everyday and immobilised violence
of the ‘engineered atmosphere’ – or is it also possible for bodies to withdraw from
the atmosphere, through ruptures and folds within the continuum? Such a notion
raises the ethical possibility of the ‘emergence of spatial justice’." Chris Butler and Edward Mussawir (eds)

Préface d’Augustin Berque
Un siècle de banlieue japonaise apporte une réflexion inédite sur les processus d’urbanisation de l’une des sociétés de consommation les plus avancées de la planète, dans un pays dont la population doit, de surcroît, souvent faire face à des désastres naturels. De la fin du 19e  siècle aux temps présents en passant par la crise de Fukushima, l’histoire de la production de l’espace nippon retracée ici nous permet de saisir l’évolution du rapport des Japonais à l’urbain et à leur milieu.

Dans ce contexte, la formation du tissu urbain banlieusard qui entoure les villes, et notamment la capitale, est un phénomène particulièrement éloquent.
Au Japon, logements publics et sociaux n’allant pas de pair, il est essentiel de saisir les motivations d’une réflexion liée au logement populaire en banlieue. Quelles sont les conséquences foncières, sociales et culturelles de la transformation de l’espace imposée par les politiques planificatrices de la seconde moitié du 20e siècle? Un siècle de banlieue japonaise présente les premières initiatives externalisées dans le domaine du logement, les influences occidentales et les prises de position qui ont donné naissance au processus de création de la banlieue japonaise, ainsi que les grands mouvements d’idées sous-jacents.

Afin d’illustrer les résultats concrets de ces phénomènes, l’auteure examine en profondeur la situation des cités de loge-ments publics japonaises, qui exprime certes la mise en œuvre de la modernité dans l’aménagement spatial, mais entraîne également des réalités socioculturelles difficiles. De la naissance du noyau urbain de Tôkyô aux emprunts à l’Amérique de l’après-guerre, de la vague du bunka à l’apogée de Kôdan (l’organisme public du logement), en passant par l’évolution inexorable d’un village où les traditions disparaissent progressivement, Cécile Asanuma-Brice nous présente la poétique et la politique de l’urbain nippon. Elle nous invite de manière spéculaire à nous interroger sur la production de l’espace urbain occidental.

Table des matières
Remerciements | 11

Préface d’Augustin Berque | 13

Introduction / Au paroxysme de
la société de consommation | 15

PARTIE I / NAISSANCE DE VILLE ET STRUCTURATION DE L’ALENTOUR

De la naissance d’Edo à la formation d’une culture d’habiter propre à la périphérie urbaine | 25

Chapitre 1 / Une organisation urbaine au rythme des plateaux | 27
Chapitre 2 / Le rôle des transports dans l’étalement urbain de Tôkyô | 53
Chapitre 3 / L’ère du Bunka 文化 | 71

PARTIE II / FORMATION D’UN SYSTÈME DE LOGEMENT PUBLIC  ET TRANSFORMATION DU MODE DE VIE EN PÉRIPHÉRIE

Naissance d’une préoccupation publique sur la question du logement social
au Japon | 85

Chapitre 1 / L’émergence de la question du logement ouvrier | 87
Chapitre 2 / Du logement d’entreprise à la ville d’entreprise Shatakugai 社宅街 | 95
Chapitre 3 / Lorsque le logement devient une préoccupation publique | 111

PARTIE III / QUAND LA BANLIEUE PERD SON LIEU

Aux prémices de la métamorphose banlieusarde | 129

Chapitre 1 / L’après-guerre 1945-1955 : mise en place des organismes de production et de gestion des logements pu-blics et évolution du cadre juridique | 131
Chapitre 2 / De la modernité | 143
Chapitre 3 / Les influences américaines | 149

PARTIE IV / L’ORGANISME PUBLIC DU LOGEMENT (KÔDAN JÛTAKU)

Naissance et décadence | 157

Chapitre 1 / 1955, début de la période de haute croissance | 159
Chapitre 2 / À nouvelle forme d’urba-nisme, communautés nouvelles | 167
Chapitre 3 / Les années 1980 : kôdan, apogée et déclin | 179

PARTIE V / VAGABONDAGE PÉRIURBAIN, DU TERRITOIRE
À LA CHOSE CONSTRUITE

Chapitre 1 / La formation de la banlieue fasuto-fûdo (ファスト風土 ) | 195
Chapitre 2 /  L’inadaptation de la ville-objet de consommation au territoire: le séisme de 2011 | 205

Conclusion / Du local au global, quand la domination de l’appareil  organisationnel détruit ceux pour qui il a été mis en place | 215

Annexe / Si la banlieue nous était contée… par ses habitants | 221
Bibliographie | 227
Glossaire | 243
Index des lieux | 247
Sources iconographiques | 249
Crédits | 253

The Mombasa Marine Park and Reserve (MMP&R) in Kenya continues to attract increasing direct and indirect resource use due to its location near an urban area. Opinions on the continued existence of this Marine Protected Area (MPA) by fishermen, boat operators, kiosk operators, curio vendors and tourists varied in this study according to occupation, education level, awareness of government legislation on conservation and sustainable use of marine and coastal resources, and place of birth. All fishermen (100%) ...

Not-guilty verdicts, mistrials, and impunity for the Bundy family and many of their supporters in the armed confrontations over public land use in Nevada and Oregon. Expanded access for private oil, gas, mining, and logging industries and the downsizing of national monuments such as Bears Ears lead by Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke. A number of highly contentious debates and sensationalized events have again focused attention on land held in the public domain by the United States. This essay argues that federal land policy as a form of colonial administration has been constitutive for the logic of expectation as property in what is now the United States. From the state land cessions negotiated on behalf of the Articles of Confederation to the preemption acts (1830–1841) to the homestead acts (1862–1916) to present-day demands for land transfer, the acquisition and disposal of the so-called public domain have been central to westward colonization, the consolidation of the nation-state, and the promise of land ownership as the ostensible foundation of individual liberty. These dynamics are evident in contemporary conflicts over public lands and arguments for the transfer of public lands to either state or private ownership. Approaching the Bundy occupations as flashpoints that illuminate competing interpretations and claims to land within the history of westward colonization, this essay seeks to demonstrate the ways in which expectation emerges from particular economies of dispossession of indigenous peoples that have historically worked through and across the division of public and private property.

As politicas de habitacao do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida tem produzido habitacoes sociais no Brasil, gerando nucleos e conjuntos habitacionais em diversas cidades. A maioria dos conjuntos e nucleos esta sendo construida em areas de expansao urbana, gerando apendices urbanos deslocados do tecido urbano consolidado. O trabalho aborda estudo de caso em Passo Fundo (RS), em conjunto habitacional que combina a construcao privada com investimentos publicos, tendo como caracteristica a diversidade de tipologias, tecnologia construtiva racionalizada e a gradual oferta de equipamentos comunitarios. A analise e realizada com base metodos e conceitos de valoracao integral das areas habitacionais propostos por Montaner, Muxi e Falagan (2011). Como resultados, verifica-se que mesmo em empreendimentos privados, as ferramentas de “habitar o presente”, que consideram habitacao como parte de projeto urbano, podem contribuir para que a morfologia urbana resultante de novas paisagens obtenha melhor...

In the face of a housing crisis rooted in commodification, there is growing alignment within both activist and scholarly circles over the need to reverse this trend and move toward decommodification. There is work left to be done, however, in conceptualizing how to get there. Housing and tenant groups challenge the logic of extraction through their day-to-day struggles in privately-held rental housing. The policy priorities of this movement are rooted in housing justice. By giving tenants more power over where they live through rent regulation, eviction protections, robust code enforcement, and other forms of legal recourse, these policies make real estate speculation less profitable. In parallel, there is a growing call for social housing conversions through both public takings and private land and property acquisition to realize a vision of housing that prioritizes decommodification, deep affordability, and democratic management. But how do these visions of housing decommodification relate to one another? In our forthcoming project Pathways to Social Housing in New York, we draw out connections between these different strategies, outlining a broad collection of policies that together can present a road to housing decommodification, both within our state and elsewhere around the country. In particular, we argue that to decommodify urban property, we need to fight not only for policy and funding which transfers land and housing to social ownership, but also for policies that make extractive and predatory housing models less viable and organizing more feasible. We need a strategy that incorporates both social housing and housing justice.

El presente trabajo evaluó la calidad microbiológica del queso fresco artesanal comercializado en la ciudad de Chachapoyas durante el año 2016. Se analizó 40 muestras de quesos comercializados en mercados y panaderías de la ciudad de Chachapoyas, evaluando la presencia de coliformes totales, coliformes fecales y estafilococos coagulasa positiva. El 100% de las muestras de quesos frescos artesanales analizados mostraron recuentos de coliformes totales, coliformes fecales y estafilococos coagulasa positiva superiores a los límites establecidos en la NTP 202.195, 2004, verificándose que la totalidad de quesos analizados no estaban aptos para el consumo humano.

Working across earth and social sciences, this article reevaluates resilience’s conceptual framework, drawing out alternative pathways for understanding and responding to the dislocations of the Anthropocene. Via a critical reading of the Anthropocene with the help of resilience’s adaptive cycle heuristic, I locate the possibility of new forms of life in its phase of release and reorganisation: the back loop. More than a brief, negative phase to govern or navigate, I argue that the back loop o ers the possibility for a practical orientation to the Anthropocene based on experimentation with new uses, release of old frameworks, and allowance for the unknown. Inhabiting the back loop, as I call it, articulates an ethos couched not in fear or survival but rather creative and technical audacity in unsafe operating space, as embodied already in a variegated landscape of practitioners.

Abstract:  This paper presents an argument for considering issues of class in analyses of communicative planning projects. In these projects, class interests tend to be obscured by the contemporary preoccupation with the class-ambiguous category of “community”. Through a case study of a project of urban redevelopment at King's Cross in London, we conceptualize and map class interests in an urban redevelopment project. Three aspects of the planning process that contain clear class effects are looked at: the amount of office space, the flexibility of plans, and the appropriation of the urban environment as exchange or use value. These aspects structure the urban redevelopment but are external to the communicative planning process. The opposition to the redevelopment has in the planning discourse been articulated as “community”-based rather than in class-sensitive terms. We finally present three strategies for reinserting issues of class into planning theory and practice.

In the municipality of Temixco, State of Morelos, there is a Nahuatl and a Spanish version of a tale of the Devil and the Jumil Hill. That folktale could be judged a fantastical or a wonder tale, but when we carefully examine its context and mode of production, we realize of that tlahtolli belongs to an oral tradition that makes a different sense to this tale-type, nearer to religious, social and realistic tale. It is a narrative made by collectivity whose aim is raising awareness of the threats that the community suffered and its responsibility for creating a cohesive, harmonious and sustainable place between the human beings and the noumenic-natural environment

A elaboracao e implementacao de politicas publicas direcionadas ao agrario e ao agricola no Brasil possuem carater ambiguo e contraditorio, em decorrencia das disputas entre as forcas politicas e sociais que portam distintas estrategias e interesses. A despeito dos avancos e conquistas obtidos com a “politica de assentamentos rurais”, ela ainda constitui apenas resposta do Estado as pressoes exercidas pelos movimentos sociais que demandam a realizacao da reforma agraria. A complexa trama de interesses que conduziu a transformacao da antiga Fazenda Itamarati em assentamento rural constitui uma manifestacao clara desses diferentes interesses. Apesar do Assentamento possuir mais de 2800 familias (Assentamentos Itamarati e Itamarati II) e ter viabilizado o acesso a recursos e servicos de que anteriormente as pessoas nao dispunham, melhorando a qualidade de vida, partimos da compreensao que tal transformacao se deu muito mais como uma resposta do Estado as pressoes exercidas pelas lutas ...

Road construction in Ethiopia is in high demand to meet its short and long term goals in infrastructure development programs. The road network is constructed radiating outwards North-South and East-West direction of the Capital City. Some projects are experiencing weather malady due to changing weather conditions in project locations. The study area of this research was focused on some selected projects in Addis Ababa and Oromia. The research had been addressed the effects of changes in weather in the three project planning phases, namely conception planning, design planning and construction planning. Quantitative research design was used in this study. A literature review was undertaken and the result of which showed that the effects of weather changes are not extensively researched in the construction industry and there are limited references on the effects of weather change within the road construction industry. Sample data were obtained from sixty-three (63) construction practit...

A significant proportion of the population in sub-Saharan Africa live in the rural areas, with the majority living on less than US$1 per day. Access to electricity is considered an essential element in the sustainable development of rural areas and an enabler for countries to achieve their Millennium Development Goals. This paper contributes the first analytical study of the socio-economic factors which have a significant impact on rural electrification (RE) development in sub-Saharan Africa. The study employs cross-sectional data for 24 of the 47 countries in the sub-Saharan region and finds factors including the Human Development Index, wealth distribution, institutional development and urban population size of a country to have a significant impact on RE development. A detailed policy survey of four countries from the sample; two countries categorised as over-performing (Nigeria and Madagascar) and two as under-performing (Tanzania and Chad), highlights that collaboration with in...