Technical drawing is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed. The drafting process is largely accelerated through the use of CAD software. In this paper, I will compare between the most famous 3D Modelling CAD softwares. Regarding to the specific of the profile of students going through training, the selection of 3D CAD Software is reduced to the most usually used in this field: Autodesk Inventor and SolidWorks. Inventor is a computer-modelling program from Autodesk that can be used to create 3D models parts. Inventor is one of the most popular programs for drafting three-dimensional design and it is commonly used in solid modeling like SolidWorks. SolidWorks is a computer-aided design (CAD) software which runs on Microsoft Windows. SolidWorks published by Dassault Systems. Both softwares appoints a parametric feature for model creation. It means designers create models using engineering shapes, such as cams, holes and slots more than using geometric terms.

Engine is the heart of automobiles and valve mechanism is the heart of engine. There are two types of the valves are used in internal combustion engines which are intake valve and exhaust valve. Intake and exhaust valves are used to control the flow of intake fresh charge and Exhaust flue gases alternatively in Engine. They are used to seal the working space inside cylinder against the manifold and they open and close by means of what is known as the Valve gear mechanism. Exhaust valve work well in engines because the pressure inside the combustion chamber pushes valve against the seat, sealing the chamber and preventing leaks during this cycle exhaust valves are exposed to high temperature and pressure which will affect the life and performance of the engine. The aim of the project is to design an exhaust valve with a suitable material along with the three different fillet radii for a four-stroke diesel engine by using Finite Element Analysis. In exhaust valve we have considered Aluminium 7068 alloy, Silicon carbide reinforced Zirconium di-boride and Carbon fiber composite material. In this we observe the results of existing exhaust valve's stress, strain and total deformation values are compared to the modified exhaust valve design are shows tremendous change in stress, strain and total deformation of the composite material.

In research and development field, many research efforts have been made to save the overall time of product design and development of any product. As we know that design phase has a lot of potential where overall time can be saved. Hence, design automation has been the best concept came into picture which involves integration of different software like product design software developed, modeling software and analysis software. It has been observed that many researchers are taking efforts in the area of design automation like integration of different tailor made software developed using different computer programming languages like Visual Basic, Java, C++ with different CAD software like Pro/E, CREO Parametric, CATIA, SolidWorks .But it is observed that Visual Basic is having some better advantages over others like it will give dot frame work for design of product input base as well as it can be easily interface with intermediate software like Microsoft excel which provides an input to other modeling or analysis software and among all available parametric modeling software CREO is widely used in industries because it has best parameterization quality. In this paper, integration of product design software developed using Visual Basic as computer programming language and CREO Parametric as modeling software by taking the case study of design of CI Engine parts has been done to validate the concept. Simulation of CI Engine is added in developed GUI which gives results of pressure, temperature, volume at each crank angle of crankshaft in the form of graphs and maximum value of pressure and temperature got are being used for structural and thermal analysis of major components.

—Exhaust valves are the precision engine components. Purpose of the exhaust valves is to send the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. This process is essential for the smooth-running of internal combustion engine. If the exhaust valve is not designed properly then it fails and the following stroke will begin to mix with exhaust fumes rather than clean air. This may be inadequate for proper combustion and it leads to poor running conditions. Valves are subjected to spring force and thermal loading due to high temperature and pressure inside the cylinder. During the operation of internal combustion engine, the axial stresses are produced in exhaust valve due to cylinder gas pressure (compressive only) and inertia force arising on the account of valve spring action. At the same time it is subjected to overheating due to very high temperature. The result of which maximum stresses are developed at the fillet section of exhaust valve. In the proposed work, stress concentration on valve can be further reduced using suitable filet radius through optimization based on finite element analysis and experimental validation on UTM to increase working life of exhaust valve. Design of valve is done based on given specifications with study of valves and its failure modes. In the next part of work modelling, analysis of valve is to be done with optimization of valve fillet radius.