Korean War

Over the twentieth century 35,000 Australians suffered as prisoners of war in conflicts ranging from World War I to Korea. What was the reality of their captivity? Beyond Surrender presents for the first time the diversity of the Australian 'behind-the-wire' experience, dissecting fact from fiction and myth from reality.

Beyond Surrender examines the impact that different types of camps, commandants and locations had on surrender, survival, prison life and the prospects of escape. It considers the attitudes of Australian governments to those who had surrendered, the work of relief agencies and the agony of families waiting at home for their husbands, brothers and fathers to be freed.

Covering several conflicts and diverse sites of captivity, Beyond Surrender showcases new research from Kate Ariotti, Joan Beaumont, Lachlan Grant, Jeffrey Grey, Karl James, Jennifer Lawless, Peter Monteath, Melanie Oppenheimer, Aaron Pegram, Lucy Robertson, Seumas Spark and Christina Twomey.


Contents:

1. Remembering and rethinking captivity
by Joan Beaumont, Lachlan Grant and Aaron Pegram

2. Bold bids for freedom: escape and Australian prisoners in Germany, 1916-18
by Aaron Pegram

3. Starvation, cruelty and neglect? Captivity in the Ottoman Empire, 1915-18
by Jennifer Lawless

4. 'At present everything is making us most anxious': families of Australian prisoners in Turkey
by Kate Ariotti

5. 'Our number one priority': the Australian Red Cross and prisoners of war in the world wars
by Melanie Oppenheimer

6. 'I hope you are not too ashamed of me': prisoners in the siege of Tobruk, 1941
by Karl James

7. Beyond the Colditz myth: Australian experiences of German captivity in World War II
by Peter Monteath

8. Australian prisoners of war of Italy in World War II: public and private histories
by Seumas Spark

9. Changi: military discipline in a Japanese prisoner-of-war camp, 1942-45
by Lucy Robertson

10. Officers and men: rank and survival on the Thai-Burma railway
by Joan Beaumont

11. Hellships, prisoner transport, and unrestricted submarine warfare in World War II
by Lachlan Grant

12. Breaking barriers: the diversity of prisoner-of-war camps in Japan and Australian contacts with Japanese civilians
by Lachlan Grant

13. Remembering captivity in the Korean War
by Jeffrey Grey, Jon MacKay and Ron Guthrie

14. Compensating prisoners of war of Japan in post-war Australia
by Christina Twomey

The book "Undiscovered Art from the Korean War: Explorations in the Collection of Chester and Wanda Chang" is a richly illustrated survey of Korean art from the Korean War (1950-1953) that introduces a missing chapter in the history of Korean modern art through selected pieces from the collection of Chester and Wanda Chang. The authors, who are researchers within the Smithsonian's Asian Cultural History Program, carried out this study as a contribution to the commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the Korean War armistice (2013-2014). They feature works produced by important artists such as Li Jung Seop (이중섭) and Byeon Kwan-Sik (변관식) as well as lesser known artisans and artists. Under the duress of war, these artists utilized new media including painting on scrap cardboard, or on decorative glazed ceramic plates to be fired then sold as souvenirs to foreign troops. Brass arts flourished amid a surplus of expended munitions. Works were commissioned for presentation as gifts of gratitude to foreign nationals. These early precursors to the internationalization of Korean art recount a forgotten aspect of the Korean War, the inspiring story of Koreans who overcame the most severe adversities to honor and transform their artistry and craft.

Published by: Asian Cultural History Program, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 2014.

Özet
Bu çalışma, Kore Cumhuriyeti’nin 1961-1979 yıllarını arasında Cumhurbaşkanlığı
görevini ifa etmiş olan Park Chung Hee dönemini inceleme amacını taşımaktadır. Park
Chung Hee, toplam 18 yıllık iktidarı ve 5 dönem boyunca yürütmede söz sahibi olmuştur.
Bu süre boyunca gerçekleştirmiş olduğu icraatların yansımaları günümüz Kore’sine kadar
uzayıp gelmektedir. Park Chung Hee birçok açıdan eleştirilere maruz kalan bir liderdir
ve kimilerine göre demir yumruk iken kimilerine göre de harika liderdir. Bu çalışma, Park
Chung Hee’nin 1961 darbesini gerçekleştirmeden önceki hayatından itibaren darbe dönemi
ve sonrasında yürüttüğü aktif siyasi hayatını kapsayacak şekilde siyasi hayatına dair
bilgiler vermektedir. Ayrıca izlemiş olduğu uluslararası politikalar, Yeni Köy Hareketi,
Ağır ve Kimyasal Endüstri Politikası, Yushin Reformu gibi politikaları hakkında kaynak
taraması yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın son bölümünde ise gerçekleştirmiş olduğu politikaların
sonucunda ekonomiye ne gibi yansımaların gerçekleştiği kısmı istatistik bilgilerle verilmiş
ve çözümlemesi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda Park Chung Hee dönemine dair temel
bir çalışma Türk literatürüne kazandırılmıştır.
Abstract
In this research, it is aimed to analyze the Park Chung Hee era, who served as the President
from 1961 to 1979. Park Chung Hee was in charge of executive power for 18 years
and 5 terms. The reflections of the performances that have been carried out during this period
have extended to the present day in Korea. Park Chung Hee has been a leader who is exposed to criticism in many ways and some people call him as a iron fist meanwhile
others call him as great leader. This study provides information on his early life before
the 1961 coup d'état, the coup era, the active political life of Park Chung Hee. Therewithal
literature review about his international relation policies, new village movement, heavy
and chemical industry policy, Yushin Constitution has been carried out. In the last part
of the study, the outcomes of the policies that were executed during Park era and reflections
on the economy are given with statistical information and analyzed. As a result of
this study, a fundamental research on the Park Chung Hee era is brought to the Turkish
literature.