Mass Communication

To cite:
Wilkins, A. 2017. Rescaling the local: Multi-academy trusts, private monopoly and statecraft in England. Journal of Educational Administration and History, 49 (2), 171-185

For the past six years successive UK governments in England have introduced reforms intended to usher in less aggregated, top-down, bureaucratically overloaded models of service delivery as well as secure conditions for greater school autonomy.  Yet the ‘hollowing out’ of local government has not resulted in less bureaucracy on the ground or less regulation from above, nor has it diminished hierarchy as an organising principle of education governance.  In some cases, monopolies and monopolistic practices dominated by powerful bureaucracies and professional groups persist, albeit realised through the involvement of new actors and organisations from business and philanthropy.  In this paper I adopt a governmentality perspective to explore the political significance of large multi-academy trusts (MATs) – private sponsors contracted by central government to run publicly funded schools – to the generation of new scalar hierarchies and accountability infrastructures that assist in bringing the gaze of government to bear upon the actions of schools that are otherwise less visible under local government management.  On this account, it is argued, MATs are integral to statecraft and the invention and assemblage of particular apparatuses for intervening upon specific organisations, spaces and peoples.

Jean Baudrillard sees in today’s simulation the model ‘of a real but without origin or reality: a hyperreal’. With the hyperreal, the individual is unable to distinguish what is real and what is not. In this article, I argue how the pervasiveness of media, in the form of mobile phones, tablets with their applications and social networking sites, singularly or in unison create and sustain the existence of the hyperreal. They succeed at once through an imagined call for urgency and an implosion of meaning that cannot be contained. This type of media is a priori a form of simulation, and has not only erased the boundaries that exit between the real and the unreal but has also developed as a site accountable for continual deference of the being-in-theworld, forcing on the latter a perpetual existence in the hyperreal.

Abstract:  This paper presents an argument for considering issues of class in analyses of communicative planning projects. In these projects, class interests tend to be obscured by the contemporary preoccupation with the class-ambiguous category of “community”. Through a case study of a project of urban redevelopment at King's Cross in London, we conceptualize and map class interests in an urban redevelopment project. Three aspects of the planning process that contain clear class effects are looked at: the amount of office space, the flexibility of plans, and the appropriation of the urban environment as exchange or use value. These aspects structure the urban redevelopment but are external to the communicative planning process. The opposition to the redevelopment has in the planning discourse been articulated as “community”-based rather than in class-sensitive terms. We finally present three strategies for reinserting issues of class into planning theory and practice.

Published by Cognella Academic Publishing (San Diego), ISBN 978-1-7935-2153-8. Previous editions have been adopted at 10 universities and colleges.

"Media Environments: Using Movies and Texts to Critique Media and Society" uses popular film as a gateway to critical readings, encouraging students to think creatively and critically about media, society, technology, and popular culture.

The text anthology explores media in their totality and provides models and theories for interrogating many universal themes that span media, technology, and planetary civilization. Using popular films about media as lead-ins, students are introduced to the works of well-known thinkers and writers such as Marshall McLuhan, Charlton D. McIlwain, Shoshanna Zuboff, Julia Hildebrand, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Devon Powers, Antonio Lopez, and many others. Chapters span interconnected topics:

Memes (original meaning),
Networks (McLuhan),
Spectacle (Debord),
Hyperreality (Baudrillard).

Capitalism and Consumerism,
Freedom and Protest,
Social-Mobile Media,
Ecology and the Anthropocene,
Science and Our Place in the Universe,
Pseudoscience and Conspiracy,
Celebrity and Superheroes,
New Concepts of "Hot" and "Cool" Media,
Land Art, Dark Skies, and Technological Civilization.

The fourth edition features 19 new readings that explore Afrofuturism in Black Panther, Avatar and global media ecosystems, Hollywood and climate change, Blade Runner 2049 and future earth scenarios, Avengers and environmental advocacy, #BlackLivesMatter and Black movements in digital culture, and the International Dark Sky movement as a radical media-tech philosophy. Intellectually rigorous and thematically diverse, Media Environments is ideal for courses and programs in media and/or communication studies.

Cette quatrième partie du séminaire "Ingénierie des projets de communication)" à destination d'étudiants de langues et de lettres, s'occupe plus particulièrement à une présentation rapide des activités "techniques" dans le montage d'un projet de communication: spécification de l'objet du projet; définition d'un plan d'actions; mise en place d'une structure de gestion de projet.

A discussion of the vibration mechanics behind the advent of consciousness of many sentient souls interacting with one another has been presented. It is emphasized that consciousness vibration is the most important phenomenon triggering and spearheading what we commonly refer to as organic ‘life.’ A brief account of the phenomenon of collective (unity) consciousness has been explicated, with more details being deferred to the publication of a companion paper on the subject matter. It is elucidated that the power of consciousness is not just confined to creationism or the necessity of ensuring the longevity of what has been created by a single being; consciousness is superpositional in nature, which means, it may be accentuated through the vibrations of the mind of many sentient beings who resonate harmoniously and synchronously with one another. In this respect, consciousness of one sentient being influences the consciousness of one or many other individuals. This is indeed, how we form the matrix of our reality. Moreover, consciousness has the propensity of multiplying or expanding, which is why the Prime Creator has only demanded one endeavor from all sentient beings, which is to strive to expand their consciousness. Thus, we are all potentially ‘consciousness generators.’ Accordingly, a discussion of the parameter of ‘consciousness expansibility coefficient’ introduced by the author before has been given, herein. It is explicated that the natural frequency of conscious vibration is proportional to the square root of the consciousness expansibility coefficient. In fact, the consciousness expansibility coefficient of a sentient soul describes a trait (or quality) of the soul that is analogous to the ‘stiffness’ of an elastic helical spring that could be loaded with life’s karmic forces. In this respect, it epitomizes the resilience of the soul to be able to withhold such forces. Moreover, it describes the capability of a sentient being to acquire more spiritual education, thus adding to the frequency of its consciousness. Clearly, the more resilient the soul of the conscious being is, the more propensity it has for enlightenment and ‘consciousness expansibility,’ without being prone to instability or buckling, falling out of Light. However, unlike the stiffness characteristic of a non-sentient material or being that acts as a ‘sink,’ it always undergoes a ‘conservative’ operation in which it never dissipates energy as long as the sentient being is allowed to experience life within a Tri-Wave or an open loop of free energetic dispensation as it is usually supplied by the progenitor God-SOURCE. The structure of the soul is so resilient that it can absorb and transform the residual inelastic karmic energies stored WITHIN, ensuring full recoverability. More specifically, a resilient sentient is capable of redeeming all its accumulated residual internal karmic energy stored WITHIN, through clearing and cleansing at a later date, without any eventual possibility of damage or degradation. This is in concert with what the author has introduced as the concept of ‘sentient vibration’ by way of a ‘conservative’ energetic transformation through returning to its initial equilibrium state of vibration in which it preserves its state of consciousness expansibility or natural frequency of consciousness. But, if the entity excessively expands away from its original equilibrium state (referred to as the Zero-Point Field), it may have to permanently shift its position from the initial Zero-Point Energetic Field (‘Neural Network of God,’ which also signifies the open loop or the energetic fountain supply provided by the God-SOURCE). This way, it behaves as a helical spring undergoing inelastic deformation, expanding away from the open loop energetic supply of God and eventually separating itself from the God-SOURCE (referred to as becoming ‘fallen’), changing to a non-sentient (non-organic) being.  And, the clearing and cleansing of the soul’s emotional body of the accumulated residual inelastic karma culminates in effectively restoring its diminished consciousness expansibility, and thus, its frequency of consciousness. It may even lead to effectively raising its natural frequency to its full potential, being capable to Ascend, permanently shifting its anchored equilibrium (domicile) state to a higher dimension. It is then said that the soul undergoes syntropy (consciousness expansion), effectively increasing its propinquity with respect to the SOURCE.  This is referred to as the state of ‘positive karma’ as opposed to ‘negative karma,’ a scenario in which the soul through the expenditure of entropic energies begins to deflect away from the God-SOURCE (diminishing its propinquity), effectively leading to reducing its consciousness expansibility and natural frequency of consciousness vibration. And, through syntropic energetic experience one eventually undergoes ‘Ascension’ through sequentially transmigrating its consciousness and anchoring itself to the higher (more inner) dimensions of consciousness. Note that the soul constitution (matter-antimatter), however, remains virtually constant. Thus, for all practical purposes, the natural frequency of the soul is determined by its extent of consciousness expansibility coefficient, which could constantly change. Ascension occurs when the body becomes crystalline, being comprised of a perfect structure without the presence of any defects or the possibility of ever developing any, rendering the body to become ageless. And, mathematically, crystallinity is synonymous with raising the ‘consciousness expansibility coefficient.’ And, with increasing consciousness expansibility coefficient, one becomes multidimensional, capable of exploring even higher dimensional realms of consciousness, with the dynamic position of equilibrium about which one usually vibrates being shifted higher or deeper in innerspace, gaining more propinquity with respect to the SOURCE. And, all this demands impeccability and gaining spiritual mastery. Since the prime directive specifies consciousness expansion, it is incumbent on the soul to acquire experiential endeavors that culminate in overall contraction to, versus deflection from, the SOURCE. And, this means positive karma, procured through creational endeavors and through benevolence and application of the principles of compassion and unconditional love and effectively having reverence for the provisions of the Law of One. Another aspect of consciousness expansibility is triggered through awareness and interaction of souls with one another in which one Soul Aspect acts as the Beacon of Light, spiritually awakening and enlightening its other Soul Aspects. Accordingly, the consciousness of a sentient being affects the consciousness of all other sentient beings, provided that they become aware of each other’s presence. Accordingly, the author has introduced a new parameter dubbed as the ‘consciousness expansibility linkage coefficient k_ij’, when the consciousness of one sentient entity i is envisaged to affect the state of consciousness of the sentient being j. Finally, equations are presented herein that describe the overall natural frequency and consciousness expansibility of a collective.

ABSTRACT

Children commercials are strategic communication through which advertiser influence the attitude of children. Much of the discourses in the scientific sphere are works that focus on the effects of commercials on children as well as the general importance of advertising. This study focuses on the psychological appeals in children commercials in Nigeria. Using the Indomie Noodle brand as a case, this study investigates the psychological appeals contained in the Indomie advert and how these appeals influence children. Opinions of 186 children between the ages of 5-12 in Keffi local government of Nasarawa State were sampled and it was discovered that Drama, celebrity endorsement, music and humour are the prominent appeals embedded in the Indomie television commercial and the study concludes that these appeals collectively generate an amazing effect on children. The study recommends that the Indomie Noodle brand explores more appeals so as to further strengthen the market base of their brand. Also, it is suggested that competing should brands to revamp their brands and respective adverts, even as children should be educated on how to identify quality product and that advertisers ensure that the promised gratifications contained in adverts are met.Key Terms: Advertising, Children, Commercials, Indomie Noodles, Television

This research is aimed at exploring the uses and gratifications of social media by the Erand Court Residents in Midrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng. Social media is used amongst friends, and loved ones as another form of communication in order to receive feedback instantaneously. Social media is sometimes used to strengthen relationships, personally and professionally. As a result the social media evolution and trends has transformed communication tremendously.
In the case of Erand Court complex in Midrand, the main stakeholders of the consists of residents, property owners, estate agency, the body corporate and the municipality and so forth. The Erand court body corporate has the responsibility to keep these stakeholders informed of their activities and be able to receive feedback from them on the services they receive. In addition the residents more specifically have family-like living arrangements and also have vibrant lifestyle of which most revolves in the circle of friends. Therefore social media is more important to them when they want to keep up to date with their friend and in the lives of their loved ones and colleagues.
Erand Court complex is not yet exposed to alternative forms of communication and still dwells on the traditional forms of communication such as sending out letters to convey key important messages. Therefore it was important to investigate what social media the residents are using and for what reason in order for the body corporate to develop an alternative form of communication that would provide them with instant feedback.
In order to achieve this, the body corporate has to ensure that communication methods used are able to keep the conversations going between the residents and other key stakeholders. This research study is aimed at exploring the uses and gratifications of social media by the tenants in order to help the body corporate find a better way to communicate with stakeholders and ensure that messages are delivered on time with
feedback being able to come instantly form all residents who have concerns or suggestions about certain issues of concern with the complex.
Social media is often taken for granted without realizing the power it has at influencing the opinion or circulating the news, hence it is vital for any organization or area of business to have social media as part of their communication strategy. After all, communication in its nature has to be a two way symmetrical activity where or message sender is able to get feedback swiftly or the other way around.
Social media helps communication participants achieve this amicably. Though, the social media have the responsibility to educate themselves about the social media platforms they choose to be feature in including its advantages and the disadvantages. In most cases social media has become a threat to the society, such as promoting hate speech, violence, and expression. This is a challenge most people are facing because they choose not to educate themselves, and in this study is is explained how people feel about having social media privacy settings.

İletişimin tarihine ilişkin söylenebilecek en doğru şey, insanın
var olması ile başladığıdır. İletişim, insanların bir arada
yaşamalarının hem bir gereği hem de bir sonucudur. İçinde
yaşanılan toplumun, değerleri, kültürü, inanışları, görüşleri
ve davranışı iletişim yoluyla aktarılır ve iletişim sayesinde
öğrenilir.

English: In Menderes Akdağ's book, we witness the historical and metaphorical development of communication tools in the process ranging from the discovering of fire to firearms and from there to today's mass media contents.
Communication is a versatile field of science. Communication sciences examine the multidimensional relations in society on a plane ranging from literature to sports, digital culture to art, politics to engineering, religion to law, and enables us to perceive this in historical flow.
With his interdisciplinary background, Menderes Akdağ enables us to understand how the political and social values ​​developed by humanity are shaped, which tools (media) they have developed, the mental structures of these formations and their indicators in this journey. This book takes us into history of communication.

That book with contact history of communication, especially movies based on their experience on political communication, as well as assesses with reflections on Turkey's private advertising and the provision of the social dimension of the main areas of communication studies, such as interpersonal communication and worldwide communication.
In the book, readers will find an analytical flow rather than a chronological flow, discover analytical connections such as politics and cinema, technology and philosophy, religion and economy, and thus develop a multi-dimensional thinking skill. Akdağ particularly emphasizes the fire and gun metaphor in his book. This is because fire is the driving force of civilization.
With the invention of fire, iron was melted and thus modern architecture was developed, the castles of the Middle Ages were destroyed with the invention of firearms, and the modern world was fictionalized with the development of media systems, and thus the development of sovereignty. The history of communication, in a way, is an effort to understand what kind of a development line the fact of using such tools as a struggle for domination reveals a development line in the historical process.
With the information he conveys in his book, the conceptual maps he draws, the original visuals he uses, the examples he gives from the films, and the comparisons he makes, Akdağ makes the reading process of the book qualified and helps us to draw parallels between the past and the present. The plain language used by the book also help us to understanding of the essence of very complex historical relations.

Turkish: Menderes Akdağ’ın kitabında ateşin bulunmasından ateşli silahlara ve oradan günümüzün ateşli medya içeriklerine uzanan süreçte iletişim araçlarının tarihsel ve metaforik gelişimine tanık oluyoruz. İletişim çok yönlü bir bilim alanıdır. İletişim bilimleri, edebiyattan spora, dijital kültürden sanata, siyasetten mühendisliğe, dinden hukuka uzanan bir düzlemde toplumdaki çok boyutlu ilişkileri inceler ve bunu da tarihsel akış içinde algılamamızı sağlar.
Disiplinler arası birikimiyle Menderes Akdağ, bizi iletişim tarihine çıkardığı bu yolculukta insanlığın geliştirdiği politik ve toplumsal değerlerin nasıl şekillendiğini, hangi araçları (medium) geliştirdiğini, bu oluşumların zihinsel yapılarını ve bunların göstergelerini anlamamızı sağlıyor. İletişim tarihini konu edinen kitap, özellikle siyasal iletişim konusundaki birikimlerine dayanarak sinema, reklam ve kişilerarası iletişim gibi iletişim çalışmalarının ana alanlarının toplumsal boyuttaki karşılıklarını hem dünya genelinde hem de Türkiye özelindeki yansımalarıyla birlikte değerlendiriyor.
Kitapta okurlar, kronolojik bir akıştan çok analitik bir akış bulacak, siyasetle sinema, teknoloji ile felsefe, dinle ekonomi gibi analitik bağlantıları keşfedecek ve böylelikle çok boyutlu bir düşünme becerisi geliştirebilecek. Akdağ, kitabında ateş ve silah metaforunu özellikle vurgulamaktadır. Bunun sebebi ateşin medeniyetin itici gücünü oluşturmasındandır.
Ateşin icadıyla birlikte demir eritilmiş ve böylelikle modern mimari gelişebilmiş, ateşli silahların icadıyla ortaçağın kaleleri yıkılmış ve medya sistemlerinin gelişmesi ile de modern dünya kurgulanabilmiş ve böylelikle egemenlik anlayışlarının gelişmesi söz konusu olmuştur. İletişim tarihi, bir bakıma bu tip araçların birer egemenlik mücadelesi olarak kullanılması gerçeğinin tarihsel süreçte nasıl bir gelişim çizgisi ortaya koyduğunu anlama çabasıdır. Akdağ, kitabında aktardığı bilgiler, çizdiği kavramsal haritalar, kullandığı özgün görseller, filmlerden verdiği örnekler ve yaptığı karşılaştırmalarla kitabın okuma seyrini nitelikli hale getirirken geçmişle günümüz arasında paralellikler kurmamıza da yardımcı oluyor. Kitabın kullandığı sade dil de çok karmaşık olan tarihsel ilişkilerin özünü anlamamıza aracılık ediyor.

Las transformaciones en el mundo de la mediatización y sus relaciones
con diferentes campos de la vida social tensan las relaciones entre disciplinas. Es verdad que hace décadas las nociones de multi, pluri y transdisciplinariedad están en discusión y que sus esfuerzos de aplicación no siempre han dado resultado pero, como en tantos otros aspectos de la práctica de investigación, cada nuevo momento obliga a recuperar, aunque más no sea parcialmente, momentos previos.
Un campo que influye en las reflexiones e investigaciones sobre historia de las mediatizaciones, es el que tiene que ver con el lugar que debería ocupar la ecología de los medios para el estudio de los diversos sistemas de mediatizaciones y las hegemonías de unos sobre otros en diversos momentos de nuestra historia social y cultural. En momentos de cambios que parecen vertiginosos, esas relaciones se hacen más necesarias.
https://publicaciones.sociales.uba.ar/index.php/lis/article/view/3800/3125

The massacre of almost 50 Maidan protesters on February 20, 2014 was a turning point in Ukrainian politics and a tipping point in the conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine. This mass killing of the protesters and the mass shooting of the police that preceded it led to the overthrow of the pro-Russian government of Viktor Yanukovych and gave a start to a civil war in Donbas in Eastern Ukraine, Russian military intervention in Crimea and Donbas, and an international conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine. A conclusion promoted by the post-Yanukovych governments and the media in Ukraine that the massacre was perpetrated by government snipers and special police units on a Yanukovych order has been nearly universally accepted by the Western governments, the media, and many scholars. The Ukrainian government investigation identified members of the special company of Berkut as responsible for killings of the absolute majority of the protesters, but did not release any evidence in support, with the exception of videos of the massacre.
              The question is which side organized the “snipers’ massacre.” This paper is the first academic study of this crucial case of the mass killing. It uses a theory of rational choice and a Weberian theory of instrumental rationality to examine actions of major actors both from the Yanukovych government, specifically various police and security forces, and the Maidan opposition, specifically its far right and oligarchic elements, during the massacre.
          The paper analyzes a large amount of evidence from different publicly available sources concerning this massacre and killings of specifics protesters. Qualitative content analysis includes the following data: about 1,500 videos and recordings of live internet and TV broadcasts from mass media and social media in different countries(some 150 gigabytes), news reports and social media posts by more than 100 journalists covering the massacre from Kyiv, some 5,000 photos, and nearly 30 gigabytes of publicly available radio intercepts of snipers and commanders from the special Alfa unit of the Security Service of Ukraine and Internal Troops, and Maidan massacre trial recordings. This study also employs field research on site of the massacre, eyewitness reports by both Maidan protesters and government special units commanders, statements by both former and current government officials, estimates of approximate ballistic trajectories, bullets and weapons used, and types of wounds among both protesters and the police. This study establishes a precise timeline for various events of the massacre, the locations of both the shooters and the government snipers, and the specific timeline and locations of nearly 50 protesters’ deaths. It also briefly analyzes other major cases of violence during and after the “Euromaidan.” This study includes two video appendixes.
            This academic investigation concludes that the massacre was a false flag operation, which was rationally planned and carried out with a goal of the overthrow of the government and seizure of power. It found various evidence of the involvement of an alliance of the far right organizations, specifically the Right Sector and Svoboda, and oligarchic parties, such as Fatherland. Concealed shooters and spotters were located in at least 20 Maidan-controlled buildings or areas. The various evidence that the protesters were killed from these locations include some 70 testimonies, primarily by Maidan protesters, several videos of “snipers” targeting protesters from these buildings, comparisons of positions of the specific protesters at the time of their killing and their entry wounds, and bullet impact signs. The study uncovered various videos and photos of armed Maidan “snipers” and spotters in many of these buildings. The paper presents implications of these findings for understanding the nature of the change of the government in Ukraine, the civil war in Donbas, Russian military intervention in Crimea and Donbas, and an international conflict between the West and Russia over Ukraine.

There is a line of reasoning shared by police officials, police unions, legislators, and civil rights organizers that supposes that videos of the police behaving badly will naturally lead to reform. This is the logic that fuels expensive body camera programs, like the ones implemented by the NYPD, LAPD, and Department of Justice. However, the idea that surveillance in the hands of the state can be somehow emancipatory is laughable. To equate the footage of Rodney King or Eric Garner with footage taken from police cameras is to fundamentally misunderstand the nuance that images express. Existing social vulnerabilities migrate seamlessly into new technologies, and photography’s dominant mode is to reinforce, not resist, existing structures of power.

System on programmable chip for the performance estimation of loom machine, which calculates the efficiency and meter count for weaved cloth automatically. Also it calculates the efficiency of loom machine. Previously the same was done using manual process which was not efficient. This article is intended for loom machines which are not modern.

This article analyses the split of the former News Corporation into two new companies within a context of change in the media industry’s market dynamics. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the phone hacking scandal in the News of the World, formerly one of News Corporation’s best-selling tabloid newspapers in the United Kingdom, should be interpreted as a problem that Rupert Murdoch managed to address despite the toll that the case had taken on the company. Moreover, rather than a cause of the subsequent split, it should be understood as a means of halting the company’s BSkyB takeover bid. This crisis gave the conglomerate the opportunity to make changes to its global strategy by specialising in market niches through two new brands: 21st Century Fox and the new News Corporation

Obra col·lectiva. Direcció editorial: Francesc Canosa. Capítol I. Els inicis del periodisme. De les gasetes als primers diaris: la configuració de la premsa moderna (Volum I. Dels inicis a la Guerra Civil).

Collective work. Publishing director: Francesc Canosa. Chapter One. The beginning of Journalism. From gazettes to the first newspapers: the formation of the modern press (Volume One. From the beginning to the Civil War).

The changes in the communication in Bulgaria after the liberation of the country were a lot, especially on interpersonal and mass level. The previously effortless interpersonal communication starts to crack and it shows  of erosion, while the mass communication starts to develop and experience a real boom. These changes affect the whole society after the liberation and they leave their marks in a way that affects the socium even today.

There are certain words and phrases that we use often, but we hardly know what we are talking about? Being a media person, I often come across with one such word " audience " , " targeted audience " (viewers, listeners and readers). Since media is the most powerful tool of communication and communication is two way process, in that media has very deep relationship with its audience. Mainstream media is categorized into three segments, print, electronic and radio-print media includes newspapers, magazines and periodicals, electronic media comprises of TV channels, while radio is also a popular mean of mainstream media.

This article explains the methodological aspect of the usage of the term "media discourse", and considered controversial issues of the discursive approach to the study of mass communication, its impact on the cognition. In this work, theoretical principles of this work are based on the modern theory of the theory of mediality (M.McLuhan). In this work I have made an attempt to trace how the medial space affects the processes of perception and cognition.

АНОТАЦІЯ
Косюк О. М. “Розважальна функція електронних засобів масової комунікації: світовий контекст та національні особливості” – Рукопис.
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата філологічних наук зі спеціальності 10.01.08 – журналістика. – Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка. – Львів, 2005.
У дисертації уперше здійснюється спроба створення теоретичної концепції сучасних медіарозваг, включаючи формування термінологічної бази, класифікацію продукованих електронними ЗМІ проектів, інтерпретацію інтеркурсу від архаїчних до модерних прошарків семантичного наповнення із втіленням основних релаксаційних механізмів. Пропонується також варіант горизонтально-вертикального аналізу медіарозваг: виділяються, систематизуються та узагальнюються їх домінантні компоненти та рівні, визначаються закономірності трансформацій, виділяються традиційно українські медіарелаксаційні типи, вводиться у науковий обіг конкретний фактичний матеріал – фрагменти розважальної продукції, що демонструють закономірності та структурну організацію розваг, продукованих аудіовізуальними засобами масової комунікації.
До інтеркурсу розважальної естетико-комунікативної системи, що завжди вважався чимось стороннім, екзотичним, чужим, чи не вперше вводяться цілі пласти не вивчених на рівні аудіовізуальної журналістики явищ національної естетико-комунікативної системи та серйозні їх переосмислення українськими вченими, а також оригінально потрактовані дисертантом національні особливості розважального функціонування сучасних медіа, що ставлять розважальний дискурс врівень факторів, які істотно впливають на процес національно-духовної самоідентифікації українського народу та популяризують імідж України у світі.
Світовий контекст явищ медіарелаксації засвідчується на рівнях: методологічної бази для написання наукової роботи, діахронічної матриці розвитку явищ видовищної естетико-комунікативної системи, новітніх формул, що використовуються як аналог для створення популярних шоу на провідних телеканалах.
Найбільше уваги приділяється журналістикознавчому аспектові згаданого контексту – питанню присутності на каналах “1+1”, “Інтер” медіапроектів, створених за запозиченими взірцями та проблемі наслідувань і чужорідних впливів у національному інформаційному просторі.
Ключові слова: розвага, релаксаційний дискурс/інтеркурс, медіапроект, міф, архетип, НЗМК, масове, форма, медіаграмотність, лудологічна парадигма мислення.

АННОТАЦИЯ
Косюк О. М. Развлекательная функция электронных средств массовой коммуникации. – Рукопись.
Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата филологических наук по специальности 10.01.08 – журналистика. – Львовский национальный университет имени Ивана Франко. – Львов, 2005.
В диссертации впервые создаётся теоретическая концепция современных медиаразвлечений, включая формирование терминологической базы, классификацию продуцированных СМИ проектов интерпретацию интеркурса от архаичных до модерных пластов семантического наполнения с выделением основных релаксационных механизмов. Предлагается также вариант вертикально-горизонтального анализа медиаразвлечений: выделяются, систематизируются и обобщаются их доминирующие компоненты и уровни, определяются закономерности трансформаций, выделяются традиционные украинские медиарелаксационные типы, вводится в научный оборот конкретный фактический материал – фрагменты развлекательной продукции, которые демонстрируют закономерности и структурную организацию развлечений, продуцированных аудиовизуальными средствами массовой коммуникации.
Ключевые слова: развлечение, релаксационный дискурс/интеркурс, медиапроект, миф, архетип, НЗМК, массовое, форма, медиаграмотность, лудологическая парадигма мышления.
ANNOTATION
Коsiuk O. M. The Concept Europe in the Ukrainian Press: Cognitive and Linguistic aspects. – Manuscript.
For the first time the attempt to create the theoretical conception of modern mediaentertainment, including the formation of terminological base, classification of electronic mass media projects, interpretation of the intercourse from the archaic to modern layers of semantic sense with realization of main relaxing mechanisms is accomplished. The variant of horizontal-vertical analysis of mediaentertainment is also proposed. Their dominant components and levels are chosen, systematized and summarized, transformation appropriatenesses are defined, traditionally Ukrainian mediarelaxing types are picked out, the concrete actual material is brought in the scientific usage - fragments of entertaining production which demonstrate appropriateness and structural organization of entertainments, which are the products of audiovisual means of mass communication.
Maybe for the first time the whole layers of phenomena of national aesthetic-communicative system, not studied on the level of audiovisual journalism, are brought in the intercourse of entertaining aesthetic-communicative system which always considered outside, exotic, strange.
Phenomena world context of mediarelaxation is testified on the levels: methodological bases for writing of a scientific work, new formulas which are used as an analogue for creating of popular show on the popular TV-channels.
Much attention is paid to journalistic aspect of the given context – to the question of mediaprojects’ presence oh the TV-channels “1+1”, “Inter”, created upon the borrowed models and to the problem of imitating and foreign influences at the national information space.
Key words: entertainment, relaxing discourse/intercourse, mediaproject, myth, archetype, newest mass media, mass (popular), form, media competence, paradigm of thinking.

Tulisan ini dibuat dalam rangka mengapresiasi peran media yang sedang berulang tahun ke-43, yakni Harian Pontianak Post yang jatuh pada hari Selasa, 2 Februari 2016. Sebagai awal dari pikiran ini, saya rujuk pendapat Alvin Toffler dalam buku Power Shift: Knowledge, Wealth and Violence at the Edge of the 21st Centuty (1990:17) yang mengatakan “barang siapa menguasai informasi maka ia akan menguasai dunia dengan mind (pikiran dan pengetahuan) dalam terra incognita (daerah tanpa batas yang belum terpetakan)”. Penguasaan informasi dimaksud hanya mungkin dilakukan melalui media. Mengapa demikian? Selain terjaring erat dengan pembaca, media juga memiliki peran besar dalam kehidupan masyarakat modern.