Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, preserves an almost unprecedented record of early hominid biobehavioral evolution. As such, it provides a unique opportunity to document spatio-temporal variability in hominid behavior. New taphonomic data reveal that hominids played little or no role in the formation of the faunal assemblages from many of the sites excavated by Mary Leakey from Beds I and II. In fact, the faunas from only two sites, FLK 22 from Bed I and BK from Bed II, can be considered as largely the result of hominid subsistence activities. This finding has important implications for interpretations of the Olduvai lithics and for patterns of hominid subsistence in the paleo-Olduvai basin. Taphonomic proxies of competition also suggest that hominids concentrated their stone-tool-using activities in lower competition settings during Bed I times, while higher competition settings were exploited in greater frequency during Bed II times. The pattern that emerges is one of variability in site use by Plio-Pleistocene hominids in the Olduvai basin.

This study presents an instantdhokla mix with incorporation of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) flour at 10, 20 and 30% levels in instant mix. Incorporation of pumpkin powder in instant dhokla mix resulted in a significant increase in nutrients (threefold increase in protein and twofold increase in fiber). Beia-carotene levels of dhokla mix increased by 8.4% in 20% pumpkin flour incorporated dhokla mix when compared to standard.

The cosmetic industry has been designated as one of the priority sectors, as stated in the Master Plan of National Industry Development 2015-2035. The priority development programs in the cosmetic sector are mastering technology and building international standard manufacturing capabilities. The cosmetic industry's ability to comply with international standards, including good manufacturing practices (GMP), is mandatory, mainly since the ASEAN Harmonized Cosmetics Regulatory Scheme was fully implemented. It has been almost 14 years since the scheme's implementation, and the Indonesian FDA has enforced all stipulations within the scheme framework. This study aims to evaluate the policy impact of GMP compliance on cosmetic industries in Indonesia through a cost- benefit analysis. A qualitative descriptive method is conducted to identify the benefits and the costs of GMP compliance and determine the importance or significance of the benefits and costs components. The result findings showed the more significant cost components include maintenance of building and facilities, quality control, maintenance of equipment, and sanitation and hygiene. In comparison, the weight scores of the benefit components do not differ much, with the benefit of increased product sales being perceived to be the most important. Keywords: Cosmetics Industry, Cost- Benefit Analysis, Good Manufacturing Practices, Indonesian FDA, SDG