Power System

This paper presents an effective algorithm to locate Single Line to Ground (SLG) fault at a transmission line. Post fault voltages and currents from both substation terminals were
used as the input parameters to the algorithm. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) was used to extract the magnitudes and phase angles of three phase voltages and currents. The modeling of the transmission line along with the algorithm was performed using Matlab/Simulink package. The results of fault location for SLG faults along the transmission line demonstrated the validity of the algorithm used even for high resistance earth fault.

Questo libro è un'analisi completa e approfondita del potere della stupidità, e quindi di riflesso anche sulla stupidità del potere e dell'autorità in tutte le sue forme. Il volume contiene vari saggi su queste bizzarre divinità, una raccolta di oltre 300 citazioni brevi d'autore per offrire un'ampia panoramica sull'argomento e una selezione completa di più di 1000 aforismi, massime, pensieri, invettive, anatemi, provocazioni e riflessioni tratte dall'intera produzione di Carl William Brown, che coprono gli anni dal 1992 al 2013. Poiché la tematica è estremamente complessa vi è inoltre una chiara prefazione, degli aforismi introduttivi, una breve introduzione che prepara ai vari saggi sull'argomento, e dopo il corpus centrale, vi sono ancora degli aforismi conclusivi, una postfazione con ulteriori analisi delle spinose problematiche e infine una serie di utili links a risorse varie presenti in rete. Per arricchire il tutto sono poi state inserite anche diverse decine di immagini. Per concludere dobbiamo sempre ricordare che la stupidità potrà anche essere un dono di Dio, ma, come diceva il santo Papa Karol Wojtyla, non bisogna di certo abusarne, anche perché, come ci ricorda Aristotele, la giusta misura è sempre un'ottima virtù.

The augmentation in electricity demand, power system privatization as well as efficacy of renewable resources has paved the way for power system companies and researchers to exploit the field of grid connected distributed generation (DG) and its issues, islanding being a dominant one. Several research works have been conducted to mitigate the issues of islanding detection (ID). In context of this, the paper gives a comprehensive review of islanding issues, standard test systems, criteria and shifting of research trends in islanding detection methods (IDMs). The significant contributions pertain to categorization of IDMs, evaluation of non-detection zone (NDZ) for each test system, disquisition on evolution and advancement of IDMs and its comparisons based on criteria such as NDZ, run on time, nuisance tripping percentage, applicability in multi DG system and implementation cost to draw out the strength and shortcomings of individual methods that will come to aid to the companies or researchers for establishing the applicability and appropriateness of such method for their concerned domain.

The power systems protection laboratory is designed to directly apply theory learned in lectures to devices that will be studied in the laboratory. Power system protection is concerned with protecting electrical power systems from faults within the network by isolating the faulted components so as to leave as much of the remaining electrical network operational as possible. Moreover, by properly protecting the system components from overloading, the probability of fires and other catastrophic and expensive system failures can be minimized.

In understanding power protection, it is necessary to understand what is actually being protected. Providing superior protection is essential in mitigating the effects of disruptions on system stability. As such, it is essential for power engineers to understand the concepts and practices of underlying power protection.

The creation of a Power System Protection Lab at Palestine Technical University gives students the opportunity to gain some real-world experience in protection. Moreover, a laboratory of this type facilitates educational opportunities. It also provides numerous additional benefits such as research. The overall objective of this project is to test devices in the laboratory, conduct experiments on them, and prepare a laboratory manual.

1 Resumen-Se expone el desarrollo de 4 fases de análisis para el sistema eléctrico de potencia IEEE-30 buses, contemplando desde su modelado y simulación utilizando el software ETAP, la redacción de un plan de mantenimiento mediante el análisis de flujos de potencia, la mejora del sistema para el caso de mayor demanda y el cálculo de corrientes de corto circuito.

Currently, power systems (PS) already accommodate a substantial penetration of DG and operate in competitive environments. In the future PS will have to deal with large-scale integration of DG and other distributed energy resources (DER), such as storage means, and provide to market agents the means to ensure a flexible and secure operation. This cannot be done with the traditional PS operation. SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a vital infrastructure for PS. Current SCADA adaptation to accommodate the new needs of future PS does not allow to address all the requirements. In this paper we present a new conceptual design of an intelligent SCADA, with a more decentralized, flexible, and intelligent approach, adaptive to the context (context awareness). Once a situation is characterized, data and control options available to each entity are re-defined according to this context, taking into account operation normative and a priori established contracts. The paper includes a case-study of using future SCADA features to use DER to deal with incident situations, preventing blackouts.

Recent improvements in fuel cell technology along with an increasing demand for small generator units have led to renewed interest in dispersed generation units. This work demonstrates a methodology for deploying dispersed fuel cell generators throughout a power system to allow for more efficient operation. A detailed study of the system losses and sensitivities on Eastern Washington system as part

The power system network is becoming more complex nowadays and it is very difficult to maintain the stability of the system. Today's enhancement of technology makes it possible to include new energy storage devices in the electric power system. In addition, with the aid of power electronic devices, it is possible to independently exchange active and reactive power flow with

Electricity metering plays a crucial role for all the commercial transactions on the energy market. Thus, an accurate evaluation of the performance of the electricity metering equipment is required not only in the reference operating conditions but also in the presence of disturbances affecting the power systems. As regards this matter, this paper analyzes the main aspects related to the

This paper presents a output tracking design for regulating the load voltage of the electric power system. Based on a model of electric power system proposed by Dobson and Chiang (1988), the saddle-node bifurcation and Hopf bifurcations were observed (Wang, et al, 1994) by treating the reactive power as system parameter. Those bifurcations were found to lead to the appearance of the dynamic or the static voltage collapses of the power systems. In construct to the state feedback design at the bifurcation point via the tuning of the Static Var Compensator as proposed in (Saad, et al, 2005), a sliding mode control (SMC) scheme using SVC was employed in this study to construct a load voltage tracking design control law for regulating the load voltage and hence providing the stability of electric power systems. The numerical simulations demonstrated that the proposed control scheme not only could provide the regulation of the load voltage but also prevent and/or delay the appearance of bifurcation phenomena and chaotic behavior.

The societal challenges of the 21st century are profound and wide ranging. Basic needs such
as food, housing, mobility, health, and energy will become even more acute as the world
population exceeds nine billion. The demand for sustainable development will require
redefined engineering cutting-edge skills and ever reaching hands-on experience to navigate
these needs to a standard level. The power sector is on the cusp of a technology breakthrough
with a number of promising developments coming on string. A concerted drive to solve
challenges of the energy trilenma: energy access, affordability and sustainability coupled with
rapid technological change that spored tech firms. Constant power supply is the hallmark and
the bedrock of any developed economy. Today, 60% to 70% of the Nigerian population have
no access to electricity. One hundred million Nigerians representing 60% of its population,
have no access to grid electricity and those who do, experience extremely unreliable supply.
This present power crisis will persist unless the government diversifies the energy resources
in domestic, commercial and industrial sectors and adopts new available technologies to
reduce energy wastage and to save cost. The need for diversified sources of power supply has
naturally become a germane issue with the nation now planning to opt out of monocultural
profiles. Recent innovations are already booming the power sector, enabling the emergence
of “the prosumer,” energy consumer who produces their own electricity taken for example
the tech such as solar photovoltaic (PV) , energy storage and smart metres. The use of
biomass as an innovation in clean energy and power has proven itself efficient.
Simultaneously, providing a way to produce electricity and reduce health hazards. The
establishment of mini-hydro stations is a pathway to enhance access to electricity for
Nigeria’s increasing population. In all, aiding the society and improving engineering
education.

In this paper we analyse the Women’s and Feminist Movement (WFM)’s representation of work and power relations. We state that these are challenging the labour relations and the formal system of work by means of opening up new discursive approaches and innovative possibilities in terms of collective action. We will illustrate this through an analysis of the WFM’s discourses about work and gender in Spain between 2009 and 2012. We will discuss how the WFM’s interpretative frames are reshaping the notion of work, how their subjects of work displace the hegemonic and classical workers of trade unions, and how their collective action is transforming the place where representation about work occurs. We draw on power theories and representation approaches to show that the WFM is shaping new forms of work claims, which empower feminist networks and voices.

Electricity interruption gives rise to a complete disorder in the society and is therefore unappreciated and highly criticized. Consequently, it becomes a great concern for national and/or private energy companies to conduct their power systems under severe requirements. These companies are asked to ovoid failures that induce power oscillation, voltage drop and high frequency deviations because these phenomena can produce the loss of the system integrity by rapid voltage collapse or any transient stability mechanism. New technology alternatives such as FACTS (flexible alternative current transport systems) can positively support conventional control systems such as PSSs (power system stabilizer), AVRs (automatic voltage regulator) and TGs (turbine governor). But at the same time, it is to recognize that power system control becomes more complicate and requires suitable global strategies. The paper deals with this problem and aims to show that UPFC is a suitable device in particular ...

This work deals with the state estimation and diagnosis of nonlinear systems with application to power systems. Dynamic modeling is performed using an index 1 property and decoupling techniques. New methods of state estimation, based on Extended Kalman Filter including a sliding window of measurements, are proposed to improve the robustness and accuracy. A new convergence study based on Lyapunov function and conditioning of the observability matrix is proposed to ensure the convergence of the observers. A combination of extended Kalman filter with moving horizon and the version with unknown input is considered to ensure the monitoring task. Performances of the proposed approaches were evaluated by numerical simulations of IEEE power system test.

In this paper, an advanced control system for the optimal operation and management of isolated power systems with increased renewable power integration is presented. The control system minimises the production costs through on-line optimal scheduling of the power units, taking into account short-term forecasts of the load and the renewable resources. The power system security is supervised via on-line security assessment modules, which emulate the power system frequency changes caused by pre-selected disturbances. For each of the above functions, a number of techniques have been applied, both conventional and AI based. The system has been installed in the dispatch center of Crete since June 1999, and is under evaluation