Urbanism

The paper attempts to outline the urban visions and architectural ideas and vocabulary behind the formation of the large urban conglomeration in Japan, South Korea and China, and how the seeds of Western planning theories and architectural design practice have helped shaping and building the contemporary cites along the vast regions of Asia Pacific Region, and frame a local language in envisioning the city of the future.
Reflecting on the contributions from East Asia to the discourse of planning and design a city for the future as promoted by single actors, larger cultural movements and national elites fostering economic ambitions and political agendas of autocratic forces (e.g. from the experimental cities by the Metabolists in Japan, to the more “pragmatic” urban development projects fostered by local and national governments in South Korea and China), the paper tries to explain the key socio-economic factors and engines which have dramatically and radically transformed the skylines of the most dynamic and growing influential area of the world at the dawn of 21st century; it also aims at describe the origins of the various forms and elements of the modern built environments which have been shaped and molded by these same forces, and how/whether these urban forms embodies a true genuine East Asian vision of the city of the future, and what is the current trend in terms of new urban forms and architectural design research at the beginning of 21st century.

The observation, analysis and construction of cities and forms of mobility are not always in step with the complexity of urban systems and changes in contemporary societies. It is possible to use time as a key to reading the functioning and dysfunctions of cities and as a springboard for new mobilitiesand sustainable urban development policies. This "chronotopic" perspective makes it possible to approach the complexity of urban systems and reflect on ways of "indwelling" times and mobilities. The researcher, the urban planner, the builder and the citizen are invited to change their outlooks, to think, design and manage the city by simultaneously taking into account urban physicality, flows and timetables in order to imagine, together a "malleable city", a more human, accessible and hospitable one.

This article contains information about the importance of preserving the historical objects as a vital condition of a normal development of historical cities. The main legislative and regulatory documents in the fields of protecting of cultural heritage, preserving the traditional character and reconstructing of the lost objects are mentioned.
The analysis of the legislation of preserving the objects of cultural heritage, the current regulations and practices of their implementation in Ukraine give grounds for considering importance of improving the regulations with the consideration of numerous violations of conditions and restrictions of urban planning of the cities with the status of historical sites.
One of the important topics of the formation of traditional historical character is the re-creation of the lost objects of cultural heritage with the consideration of their role in the city-forming, using as an example the reconstructed in 1999-2010 the Transfiguration Cathedral in Odessa.

No matter whether it comes by divine wrath, nuclear war, climate change, zombies, a pandemic or by machines rebellion: the apocalypse will be urban. Cities are at the same time the most complex and valuable creation of our civilization, but also one of the most vulnerable environments to inhabit during an apocalyptic crisis. However, can they also be the key to our salvation? Either a fictional or part-real apocalypse, the delirium of destination has been a constant in many societies, but nature does not negotiate and with more than 50% of the world population living in cities, the current pandemic located them as main subjects in a real-time experiment of values collapse. What made some cities so resilient while others suffered the most impact? Just within weeks, South Korea shifted the world’s attention from its Parasite (2019) film’s satirical criticism on urban social inequality, to detecting its first COVID-19 infection and soon becoming the most affected territory outside China, to end up as one of the top success references on how to confront a crisis of this magnitude especially through the use of urban infrastructures, smart systems and efficient governance tools. But Korean cities were not new to the idea of fighting a ―world-ender‖ enemy; from the North Korean war threat, to natural disaster stories such as Haeundae (2009), infection chaos in Gamgi (2013), to zombies invasion on Train to Busan (2016), Kingdom (2019), and Peninsula (2020), the increasing trend on catastrophic narratives has evolved though Korean culture beyond just entertainment, to become an open source to explore human reactions under extreme circumstances, our capabilities and reasons to survive. This presentation aims to explore the Korean vision on apocalypses and how its cities may have a valuable approach for planning our new world especially in the fight against inequality

The city of Rijeka/Fiume underwent an array of transitions in the long twentieth
century, from the port of Hungary in the Dual Monarchy to a free
city, to D´Annunzio´s Italian Regency of Carnaro, annexation by Italy, incorporation
into Yugoslavia, and eventually the independence of Croatia. The
article examines the processes of urban reconstruction and architectural reconfigurations
in the city as “frontier urbanism”, building on Wendy Pullan’s
(2011) discussion of how various actors employ architectural and place-making
practices to secure the state in contested urban space. The article traces
Rijeka/Fiume´s urban development as a window of fixating state identities
in the built environment throughout the century, focusing on the aftermath
of the Second World War. It examines the urban transformations of the city
as the demographic landscape was reshaped after the departure of the local
Italian-speaking majority and the arrival of workers from various parts of
Yugoslavia, but also from Italy. By analysing decisions to rebuild or not
buildings damaged by war, as well as the demolition of the 1943-built votive
temple in Mlaka, the article inquires how reconstruction and urban planning
became avenues to secure the state at its new frontiers.

Infrastructural practices, made by the manipulations of pumps, pipes and hydraulic expertise, play a critical role in managing urban populations. Drawing on two years of ethnographic research in Mumbai, in this article I show how Muslim settlers in a northern suburb are being rendered abject residents of the city. Abjection isn’t not a lack of social and political entitlements, but a denial of them. As Muslim settlers are being pushed down to claim less desirable water through the deliberate inaction of city engineers and technocrats, this article shows the iterative process through which abjection is made through tenuous and contentious infrastructural connections between the government and the governed.

As cities compete globally, the Smart City has been touted as the important new strategic driver for regeneration and growth. Smart Cities are employing information and communication technologies in the quest for sustainable economic development and the fostering of new forms of collective life. This has made the Smart City an essential focus for engineers, architects, urban designers, urban planners, and politicians, as well as businesses such as CISCO, IBM and Siemens. Despite its broad appeal, few comprehensive books have been devoted to the subject so far, and even fewer have tried to relate it to cultural issues and to assume a truly critical stance by trying to decipher its consequences on urban space and experience. This cultural and critical lens is all the more important as the Smart City is as much an ideal permeated by utopian beliefs as a concrete process of urban transformation. This ideal possesses a strong self-fulfilling character: our cities will become Smart because we want them to.

The books opens with an examination of the technological reality on which Smart Cities are built, from the chips and sensors that enable us to monitor what happens within the infrastructure to the smart phones that connect individuals. Through these technologies, the urban space appears as activated, almost sentient. This activation generates two contrasting visions: on the one hand, a neo-cybernetic ambition to steer the city in the most efficient way; and on the other, a more bottom-up, participative approach in which empowered individuals invent new modes of cooperation. A thorough analysis of these two trends reveal them to be complementary. The Smart City of the near future will result from their mutual adjustment. In this process, urban space plays a decisive role. Smart Cities are contemporary with a ‘spatial turn’ of the digital. Based on key technological developments like geo-localisation and augmented reality, the rising importance of space explains the strategic role of mapping in the evolution of the urban experience. Throughout this exploration of some of the key dimensions of the Smart City, the book constantly moves from the technological to the spatial as well as from a critical assessment of existing experiments to speculations on the rise of a new form of collective intelligence. In the future, cities will become smarter in a much more literal way than what is often currently assumed.

The goal of this unit is to build into the mindset of the students a sociocultural and anthropological understanding of space and place. The key method that this unit aims to provide the students with centers around the notion of empathy in understanding the needs of users, which, in this case, is not just the immediate clients or users of the space proposed for them but also the communities and polity surrounding it. The emphasis of this unit is on the “urban solutions.” In order to achieve this empathy, students will engage in qualitative research methods such as participant observation, open-ended interviews, and analogous and inquisitive participation. In this unit, we will be looking at a real project that is in the centre of public and media attention. Students will think about how this complex community of people are living, selling, maneuvering kinship and business practices through space and time. It is crucial to understand the context, the people and the culture; as there is a real need for design that integrates all of the above. This unit will give the students the training in the methods by which they can systematically collect ‘thick social data’ to
integrate into this urban design lab.

Based on the author's artistic research on migration, contemporary urban experience, and sonic alienation, The Nomadic Listener is composed of a series of texts stemming from psychogeographic explorations of contemporary cities, including Copenhagen, Berlin, Kolkata, Vienna, Delhi, Hong Kong, Mumbai, and New York, among others.
Each text is an act of listening, where the author records his surrounding environment and attunes to the sonic fluctuations of movement and the passing of events. What surfaces is a collection of meditations on the occurrences of life movingly interwoven with memories, associations, desires, and reflections. Readers are brought into a tender map of contemporary urban experience and the often lonely, surprising, and random interactions found in traveling. The Nomadic Listener includes parallel drawings based on the original audio recordings and appears as ghostly renderings of the corresponding experiences. The recordings are published by Gruenrekorder and accessed through a QR code in the book.

Abstract:  This paper presents an argument for considering issues of class in analyses of communicative planning projects. In these projects, class interests tend to be obscured by the contemporary preoccupation with the class-ambiguous category of “community”. Through a case study of a project of urban redevelopment at King's Cross in London, we conceptualize and map class interests in an urban redevelopment project. Three aspects of the planning process that contain clear class effects are looked at: the amount of office space, the flexibility of plans, and the appropriation of the urban environment as exchange or use value. These aspects structure the urban redevelopment but are external to the communicative planning process. The opposition to the redevelopment has in the planning discourse been articulated as “community”-based rather than in class-sensitive terms. We finally present three strategies for reinserting issues of class into planning theory and practice.

The paper, which is a summery of a larger research project, investigates Dubai in the period of 1971 to 2010, tracing the city’s historical and urban development in relation to its architectural and social identity. It argues that Dubai’s architectural product is largely a symptom of alienation and fragmentation, and signals the presence of a complex dual system.  First is Dubai’s highly iconic architecture and second is the function of Western culture, which the city holds as an ideal image to build upon. Even though Dubai posits many challenges to its resident population, the paper concludes that any attempt to promote a more communicative architecture in the city must address its particular historic and social construct, where the goal is “to understand the phenomenon itself in its unique and historical concreteness [and] understand how this man, this people, or this state is what it has become or, more generally, how it happened that it is so.” (Hans Georg Gadamer, Truth and Method, 4)

In un film dell'inizio degli anni novanta, Giuseppe Tornatore racconta il viaggio di un padre che dalla Sicilia si sposta verso le grandi città italiane per visitare i suoi cinque figli ormai adulti. Nonostante venga a conoscenza di condizioni famigliari assai problematiche, al suo ritorno si ostina a mentire agli altri e a se stesso affermando che " Stanno tutti bene ". Un viaggio nelle città e nei territori italiani contemporanei osservati con la lente dello " stare bene " , inteso come welfare e wellbeing, ci porterebbe oggi a sostenere un'analoga menzogna. Infatti, le condizioni di salubrità, comfort e sicurezza che le nostre città sono oggi in grado di garantire ai propri abitanti non sempre raggiungono livelli che possiamo considerare ragionevoli e anzi, sovente, sono da considerare pericolosi, dannosi e forieri di situazioni di ingiustizia. Per affrontare il rapporto tra malessere urbano e ingiustizia spaziale, il testo che segue dopo una riflessione generale sui paradossi della salubrità in città, articolerà una riflessione su alcuni temi dei quali il progetto urbanistico, con l'obiettivo di garantire maggiore welfare e wellbeing, dovrebbe farsi carico: accessibilità, mobilità, sicurezza e comfort saranno le principali categorie indagate.

This descriptive-analytical study attempted to investigate the quality of life in urban areas of Iran. Sonqor City of Kermanshah Province was selected as a case. Field and documentary data collection methods were used. To collect the field data, researcher-designed questionnaires were used, of which the validity was confirmed by expert judgment and the reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha (0.893). The population comprised all the residents of Sonqor City (n=46181). Using Cochran formula, 382 individuals were selected as sample and questionnaires were randomly distributed among them. Results demonstrated that among the 9 aspects of quality of life investigated in Sonqor City, satisfaction with the three aspects of housing, transportation and education, which have coefficients of variation of 0.319, 0.331, and 0.412 respectively, are the most important aspects. Moreover, general results of quality of life of Sonqor residents revealed that 75 percent of the respondents had ...

This thesis is a study of Tottenham High Road, and how the urban blocks which comprise its depth are composed. Depth has a number of components: architecture, space and time; depth is the armature in which people live their social lives, and the place where local cultures emerge. The conception of depth offers a way of capturing urban life in its richness and its reciprocities. The literature about high streets offers few detailed analyses of their spatial and psycho-social ordering and this thesis seeks to fill that gap. The approach is a hermeneutics of praxis, using ethnographic methods, in-depth interviews, and situating the information spatially using architectural drawing techniques. It offers a novel method of investigating and understanding the structures and processes which make up the high streets and which, in aggregate, make the whole city. Tottenham High Road is used here as a case study, a vehicle through which to interpret evidence about the existence and nature of depth, with its manifold structures. Understanding depth is vital to understanding high streets, so this thesis allows a deeper and richer interpretation of high streets than has previously been possible.
There is a problem in planning orthodoxy around high streets, typified in Tottenham: the richness of depth is flattened and codified, in order to frame swathes of city as sites from which to reap economic reward. In fact, depth contains all of human life, and understanding it, therefore, is an ethical responsibility for planning. Depth has a number of characteristics, ordered by different processes and forces. Firstly, physical order, shaped by both economic and social forces. For example, the most public uses are found in the 'shallowest' parts of depth, and these are the most valuable sites because they command the greatest passing trade. Secondly, depth has a social order, through playing out of place ballet by people as they live their lives. The social order operates interdependently and reciprocally with the physical order of depth. Commitment between people and places (citizenship) results in special place cultures, which are hosted in depth. Depth has variation in the scope of decorum from the outer edge of the block to the centre: more things are possible inside the block than at its edge. 
The insights about depth in this thesis are relevant to many areas of life: to planning, to politics and to existing theory, because depth provides an account for the ethical order in which other areas of human life take place. With an understanding of depth it is possible to evaluate planning proposals, efforts at ensuring political participation, to shed light on existing theories such as Cosmopolitanism, and to add a valuable layer of information about the real structures of London to the existing literature.

This article contains information about the importance of preserving the historical objects
as a vital condition of a normal development of historical cities. The main legislative and regulatory
documents in the fields of protecting of cultural heritage, preserving the traditional character and
reconstructing of the lost objects are mentioned.
The analysis of the legislation of preserving the objects of cultural heritage, the current regulations
and practices of their implementation in Ukraine give grounds for considering importance of improving the
regulations with the consideration of numerous violations of conditions and restrictions of urban planning of
the cities with the status of historical sites.
One of the important topics of the formation of traditional historical character is the re-creation of the
70
lost objects of cultural heritage with the consideration o f their role in the city-forming, using as an example the
reconstructed in 1999-2010 the Transfiguration Cathedral in Odessa.
Key words: legislation and regulations o f preserving the objects of cultural heritage, historical
environment, the reconstruction of the lost objects

La globalización y el modelo actual de acumulación de capital han generado una serie de procesos de reestructuración territorial que proponen la necesidad de repensar procesos de fragmentación urbana, las nuevas características que adquieren la estructura y forma urbana, y la nueva relación que se establece entre actores públicos y privados. Metrópolis como Lima no logran generar un equilibrio entre la estructura urbana y la distribución social de sus espacios residenciales. Como resultado, la actual organización de la ciudad reproduce desigualdades socioespaciales y las vuelve persistentes. En este contexto, las centralidades urbanas no solo son un criterio formal de análisis de la estructura urbana. Por el contrario, constituyen el punto neurálgico para reconocer qué tanto una urbe establece condiciones óptimas para la calidad de vida de sus habitantes; o, por el contrario, qué tanto refuerza patrones de desigualdad en la distribución de los bienes que produce la ciudad (materiales y simbólicos). Este libro es un esfuerzo interdisciplinario por generar una contribución al conocimiento de la estructura de la metrópoli partiendo del estudio de las centralidades urbanas.

The right to (a project for) the city. Mboka bilanga or extensive peri-urban urbanization as a lever for the development of Kinshasa Henry Lefebvre's right to the city is introduced in this chapter; it is presented in order to directly address the role and the form of the urbanism project to obtain improved living standards for the majority of the Congolese people, most of whom are reported to be living below the poverty threshold and where public financial resources are practically absent. The application of an academic approach with regard to research on the Kinshasa territory is accepted to structure the reflexion process. It aims to explore how the project technique based upon a double construction of knowledge on the territory contributes to an overall improvement of the living conditions of the inhabitants. This technique combines the description of the actual territory of Kinshasa with different development scenarios. This implies in the case of Kinshasa that urban sprawl as a survival strategy of the inhabitants is accepted and that lands and housing are used as food-related resources. This observation leads to the mboka bilanga hypothesis that states that the city and agricultural production are closely entangled. This hypothesis enables to conceptualize a city project that articulates metropolitan issues with local dynamics, based upon existing local practices.

P[art]icipatory urbanisms (please also visit www.part-urbs.com) is a web publication interrogating the “participatory turn” in contemporary urban studies, performance studies, and art practice. The bracketed [art] in the title of this publication refers to participatory urban aesthetic practices which could include community, social, or relational art initiatives, but also more general claims by city residents, city workers or activists on the visible and sensible aspects of public space. Bracketing the [art] in ‘participation’ also suggests a blurring of the conventional separation between the aesthetic and the political dimensions of urban participation.

The publication has two components. The first, is an interactive platform of interviews featuring the praxes of twenty participatory urban practitioners and collectives in the cities of São Paulo, Brazil and New Delhi, India. The interviews map the multiple and disjunctive ways in which ‘participation’ is enacted—from mobile performances of poetry and theater, to citizen journalism on gentrification in Sao Paulo’s old city center, to radical neighborhood pedagogical initiatives in Savda Ghevra, a New Delhi resettlement colony, and in Grajau, a southern periphery neighborhood of São Paulo. The interviews trace how urban actors create politico-aesthetic ruptures; experience and experiment with the material and affective force of participation; and potentially reshape the urban imaginary. The interviews also speak to the limits of participatory working processes in the face of small budgets and divided spaces. The cities of São Paulo and New Delhi were chosen as sites for this project for the comparisons that their similar size and positions in global urban imaginations and political economy enable, and for the enduring histories of participatory urban activity in both spaces.

A second element of this publication is a peer-reviewed anthology of twenty articles expanding methodological and theoretical debates around the themes of urban participation and its entanglement with state power, aesthetic praxis, racialized and queer spaces, citizenship, temporality, publics, and infrastructure. Contributions to the anthology span a broad range of disciplines and engage research from diverse geographic and temporal sites–from the occupation of a theater in Athens amidst the Greek economic crisis, to agonistic politics and participatory video art in a New Delhi urban village, to the cartographic interventions of a Harlem mailman in Jim Crow-era America. The form of writing extends beyond traditional scholarly articles to include ethnographic reflections, case studies, and photo essays.

"In cities around the world, individuals and groups are reclaiming and creating urban sites, temporary spaces and informal gathering places. These ‘insurgent public spaces’ challenge conventional views of how public spaces are defined and used, and how they can transform the city environment. No longer confined to traditional public areas like neighbourhood parks and public plazas, these guerrilla spaces express the alternative social and spatial relationships in our changing cities.

With nearly twenty illustrated case studies, this volume shows how instances of insurgent public space occur across the world. Examples range from community gardening in Seattle and Los Angeles, street dancing in Beijing, to the transformation of parking spaces into temporary parks in San Francisco.

Drawing on the experiences and knowledge of individuals extensively engaged in the actual implementation of these spaces, Insurgent Public Space is a unique cross-disciplinary approach to the study of public space use, and how it is utilized in the contemporary, urban world. Appealing to professionals and students in both urban studies and more social courses, Hou has brought together valuable commentaries on an area of urbanism which has, up until now, been largely ignored.

Winner of 2012 Great Places Award -- http://www.edra.org/content/2012-place-book-winner"

This book explores the Byzantine city and the changes it went through from 610 to 1204. Throughout this period, cities were always the centers of political and social life for both secular and religious authorities, and, furthermore, the focus of the economic interests of local landowning elites.

This book therefore examines the regional and subregional trajectories in the urban function, landscape, structure and fabric of Byzantium’s cities, synthesizing the most cutting-edge archaeological excavations, the results of analyses of material culture (including ceramics, coins, and seals) and a reassessment of the documentary and hagiographical sources. The transformation the Byzantine urban landscape underwent from the seventh to thirteenth centuries can afford us a better grasp of changes to the Byzantine central and provincial administrative apparatus; their fiscal machinery, military institutions, socio-economic structures and religious organization. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of the history, archaeology and architecture of Byzantium.

Cette thèse parle d’Hommes, d’art et de société. Elle traite de l’histoire d’un banquier Juif ashkénaze né à Bonn en 1804 et de ses descendants. À travers l’étude de douze demeures et de leurs collections, elle raconte l’histoire d’une dynastie d’entrepreneurs qui, de l’ancien Ghetto de Bonn – 821 rue des Juifs – rejoignit le sommet de la haute société européenne. Portraiturés par Léon Bonnat, Carolus-Duran et Renoir, Meyer Joseph Cahen d’Anvers et ses enfants Édouard, Emma, Louis, Raphaël et Albert vécurent les conséquences de l’Affaire Dreyfus, s’efforçant d’exprimer la plénitude de leurs droits civils à travers la sociabilité et le mécénat. Dans leurs salons, en ville et à la campagne, les lecteurs croiseront les pas de Guy de Maupassant, Paul Bourget, Marcel Proust et César Franck, ou encore de Gabriele D’Annunzio et Matilde Serao. Au château de Champs-sur-Marne, à Torre Alfina et dans les autres demeures de la famille les architectes Destailleur et Giuseppe Partini, ou encore les paysagistes Henri et Achille Duchêne, surent plier la « grammaire » du Moyen Âge, de la Renaissance et du XVIIIe siècle au goût et aux ambitions de leurs commanditaires.

https://www.lgdj.fr/les-cahen-d-anvers-en-france-et-en-italie-9782370323743.html

Les Modificacions puntuals (mPGM) han sigut al llarg de més de trenta cinc anys el canal d’expressió i encaix de totes les noves polítiques urbanes que s’han fet en funció de les agendes polítiques que anaven apareixent a l’escena metropolitana. Les mPGM han sigut l’instrument que les ha fet possibles malgrat fossin no previstes o de vegades fins i tot contradictòries amb l’establert el 1976. El document s’organitza en dues parts principals. En la primera s’agrupen les anàlisi de les mPGM en relació a la classificació del sòl en el conjunt de l’àmbit metropolità per tal de reconèixer l’abast espacial de les transformacions, tan pel que fa a la producció de sòl urbà com a la transformació interna del sòl que ja ho era; es tracta de mesurar les dimensions del fenomen. En la segona part es formula una hipòtesi territorial sobre la base d’observar contextualitzades les mPGM com fenòmens en una doble vessant, topològica i seqüencial; es tracta de dibuixar escenaris d’interpretació detallada i sintètica de l’espai metropolità. En la introducció/ encaix es proposa una aproximació agregada a les mPGM la qual podria ser també la primera de les conclusions del treball: de l’ordre radial al mosaic saturat.

Negli anni recenti, beneficiando del finanziamento del Fondo Sociale Europeo
su due progetti di ricerca1, una decina di ricercatori ha studiato come
favorire l’azione congiunta di rigenerazione urbana, riattivazione economica
e sviluppo locale in uno specifico ambito urbano-industriale: il territorio
tra Mestre e Marghera.
Riconoscendo l’importanza di una traiettoria di rigenerazione urbana
(Ostanel, 2017) e provando a incrociarla con la definizione di spazi
del lavoro innovativi, inclusivi e la sperimentazione di nuovi modelli di
business, i due progetti di ricerca si sono interrogati sul ruolo potenziale
di un mix di nuove attività manifatturiere ad alto contenuto digitale, di industrie
creative multidisciplinari che coniugando il sapere tecnologico con
la creatività potessero facilitare lo sviluppo di ecosistemi locali favorevoli
alla messa in rete del sistema delle imprese con i luoghi della produzione
artistica, facendo leva su processi locali di trasformazione degli spazi.
Come da tempo ci suggerisce chi studia il mondo del lavoro, se già
a partire dai prossimi anni più della metà delle figure professionali conosciute
e dei tipi di lavoro che pratichiamo cesseranno di esistere, è evidente
che rigenerare gli spazi del lavoro costringe a porsi alcune domande. Chi
saranno i nuovi abitanti di questi pezzi di città e quali saranno le nuove
figure professionali? Quali esigenze esprimeranno ed entro quali processi?
In quali spazi e con quali temporalità?

"Aux frontières de l’achevé, de l’établi, de l’ordonné, du centre et du dominant, se trouvent le précaire, l’instable, le désordre, la périphérie et le dominé : une relation dynamique voire conflictuelle existe entre ces deux réalités, qui est celle du faire-ville."

Table des matières:

Avant-propos
Introduction. De l’ethnographie des marges à l’anthropologie de la ville

Première partie. La ville des anthropologues
Chapitre 1. La ville comme hologramme
Chapitre 2. Les savoirs urbains de l’anthropologie
Chapitre 3. Les situations élémentaires de la vie urbaine

Deuxième partie. La ville à l’œuvre
Chapitre 4. Ce qui rend la ville familière
Chapitre 5. Lieux, non-lieux, hors-lieux
Chapitre 6. Brouillons de ville

Troisième partie. La ville en mouvements
Chapitre 7. La culture des villes, ou l’habit d’Arlequin
Chapitre 8. Imaginaire et politique des marges
Chapitre 9. Occupations, invasions, installations : l’agir urbain

Conclusion. Du « droit à la ville » au « faire-ville »

The Slussen urban project designed by architect Tage William-Olsson and engineer Gösta Lundborg between 1929 and 1935 in Stockholm, synthetically expresses the emergence of the automobile in the European cities at the beginning of the 20th century. The combination of more than thirty previous proposals highlight the evolution of a space in contradicting confrontation with infrastructure and the attempts to give an urban form to a strategic place between Gamla Stan and Södermalm. This article will summarise these declines in 5 successive  stages: from the Slussen as a discussion in hydraulic engineering to its first urban considerations, from the Slussen seen as a matter of architectural composition to the first irruptions of the road forms, from the Slussen as a “traffic machine” to the discovery of its own aesthetic, from the gray Slussen to the architecture embedded in its interstices and finally, the understanding of Slussen as a fragile and unstable piece in the urban landscape of the “Venice of the North”. This evolution allows Slussen to be highlighted as a paradigmatic record of the implosion of traffic on the European city and a pioneering example of the interesting relationship between infrastructure and urbanity.

Surabaya is one of the cities in Indonesia that preserves the traditional kampungs all around the city. New
town CitraLand for example, maintains relation by making access to kampung surroundings. It is not walled
entirely. This high-class new town provides gates and streets and some public areas which is accessible for
kampung inhabitants. The relation of CitraLand and kampungs forms a unique neighborhood. But the
question of class segregation is still there. Who gets benefit of open-access streets: the kampungs or
CitraLand? How CitraLand maintains its privacy while at the same time allows public to go through of it?
Why can’t we find a place where both kampung and CitraLand communities share public space together at
the same time? We use map, take pictures, and interview kampung inhabitants on street and public
spaces, to analyze how they perceive and use spaces in CitraLand. We find that gates and streets in
CitraLand are used for short cut through only not as a destination. Some kampung inhabitants prefer to
use kampung streets and avoid going through CitraLand streets due to “not belonging feelings”. The only
public space where kampung inhabitants spend their weekend morning is waterpark which is not fully used
by CitraLand inhabitants. We argue there is (still) segregation and that the new shape of neighborhood
between kampung and CitraLand actually never exists. Both communities share gates, streets and public
space but never for real have connection. They share spaces spatially NOT socially.

In 1899 the great exhibition devoted to Alessandro Volta was meant to open a new season of richness for Como and the Lake. Nonetheless, in 1927 the second exhibition organized for the centennial anniversary of Volta's death was promoted by city's institutions and local businessmen as moment of improvement in the fields of economics, culture and tourism. Around the 1927 exhibition new buildings and facilities were built redesigning the historical downtown and its surroundings, such as the Sinigaglia Stadium built in the 1899 exhibition site, the Faro Voltiano on the Brunate hill, in the place of an ephemeral tower. The paper aims to reconstruct some events in Como's urban history in the first three decades of 19 th century, following both stylistic and architectural issues and connections with municipal identity and then fascist propaganda.

This article examines the conception of the everyday city as presented in the work of architect Christopher Alexander and architectural theorist Bill Hillier: Both thinkers suggest that, in the past, lively urban places arose unself-consciousty through the routine daily behaviors of many individual users coming together in supportive space and place. In different ways. both thinkers ask whether, today, a similar manner of vital urban district can be made to happen self-conscioustv through explicit understanding transformed into design and policy principles. The aim for both Alexander and Hillier is place-based urban communities marked by lively streets, serendipitous public encounters, and informal sociability. The article begins by examining commonalities and differences in Alexander and Hillier's conceptions of environmental wholeness and urban place. Next. the article considers implications for urban design and, last, indicates the considerable value that the two thinkers' ideas offer environmental philosophy, particularly for understanding environmental wholes.